J.J. Johnson

Considered by many to be the finest jazz trombonist of all time, J.J. Johnson transferred the innovations of Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie to his instrument, playing with such speed and deceptive ease that at one time some listeners assumed he was playing valve (rather than slide) trombone. Johnson toured with the territory bands of Clarence Love and Snookum Russell during 1941-1942, and then spent 1942-1945 with Benny Carter’s big band. He made his recording debut with Carter (taking a solo on “Love for Sale” in 1943), and played at the first Jazz At The Philharmonic concert (1944). Johnson also had plenty of solo space during his stay with Count Basie’s Orchestra (1945-1946). During 1946-1950, he played with all of the top bop musicians, including Charlie Parker (with whom he recorded in 1947), the Dizzy Gillespie big band, Illinois Jacquet (1947-1949), and the Miles Davis Birth of the Cool Nonet. His own recordings from the era included such sidemen as Bud Powell and a young Sonny Rollins. Johnson, who also recorded with the Metronome All-Stars, played with Oscar Pettiford (1951) and Miles Davis (1952). Between 1953-1955 Johnson led three recording dates for Blue Note that were first released as a series of 10″ LPs, and later compiled on the two-volume 12″ LPs The Eminent Jay Jay Johnson.

In August 1954, he formed a two-trombone quintet with Kai Winding that became known as Jay and Kai and was quite popular during its two years. After Johnson and Winding went their separate ways (they would later have a few reunions), Johnson led a quintet that often included Bobby Jaspar. He began to compose ambitious works, starting with 1956’s “Poem for Brass,” and including “El Camino Real” and a feature for Dizzy Gillespie, “Perceptions”; his “Lament” became a standard. Johnson worked with Miles Davis during part of 1961-1962, led some more small groups of his own, and by the late ’60s was kept busy writing television and film scores. J.J. Johnson was so famous in the jazz world that he kept on winning Downbeat polls in the 1970s, even though he was not playing at all. However, starting with a Japanese tour in 1977, Johnson gradually returned to a busy performance schedule, leading a quintet in the 1980s that often featured Ralph Moore, and in the mid-’90s remained at the top of his field.